EU DPP requirements and timeline

EU Digital Product Passport timeline: confirmed dates and planned milestones

The EU does not have one universal Digital Product Passport start date. Some sectors already have fixed legal deadlines; others are waiting for product-specific rules. This guide separates dates set in adopted law from the European Commission’s indicative timetable, so a planned adoption year is not mistaken for the date businesses must comply.

Last reviewed: 27 September 2026

How to read this timeline

A confirmed deadline is a date already written into adopted EU legislation. A planned milestone is the Commission’s target for adopting a delegated or implementing act and can still change. Under the Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation, a new product-specific delegated act will normally start applying no earlier than 18 months after it enters into force. Always read the final act to confirm scope, data fields, passport level and the actual application date.

18 July 2024 — the ESPR entered into force

Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 created the framework for ecodesign requirements and Digital Product Passports. It did not make a passport mandatory for every product on that date. A product becomes subject to an ESPR passport only when an applicable product-specific or horizontal delegated act requires one.

15–20 July 2026 — standards published and the EU DPP Registry launched

The Commission published references to the first six harmonised DPP standards on 15 July 2026 and launched the Registry with a testing environment on 20 July 2026. The Registry stores unique identifiers and registration metadata, while the detailed passport data remains decentralised with the responsible economic operator or its service provider. Registry availability is infrastructure readiness, not a universal product deadline.

Q4 2026 (planned) — iron and steel requirements

The Commission’s current implementation timeline targets the ESPR delegated act for iron and steel in the fourth quarter of 2026. This is an indicative adoption milestone, not the date all steel products must already carry a DPP. The final delegated act will define the covered products, required data and application date.

18 February 2027 — battery passports become mandatory

This is the first fixed product-passport deadline. From 18 February 2027, every light means of transport battery, every industrial battery above 2 kWh and every electric vehicle battery placed on the EU market or put into service must have a battery passport under Article 77 of Regulation (EU) 2023/1542. Other battery categories are not brought into the passport obligation by this provision.

Q2–Q3 2027 (planned) — construction products and DPP service providers

The Commission indicates a second-quarter 2027 delegated act for the construction-product DPP system and work on rules for DPP service providers during 2027. Under Regulation (EU) 2024/3110, the construction system becomes operational six months after its delegated act enters into force and the relevant manufacturer obligations apply 18 months after entry into force. Q2 2027 is therefore not itself the construction-product compliance date.

Q3–Q4 2027 (planned) — textiles, aluminium and tyres

The Commission plans to adopt ESPR delegated acts for textile apparel, aluminium and tyres in the second half of 2027. These acts are expected to establish the product scope and may introduce DPP information requirements. They are adoption targets, not confirmed go-live dates; the normal ESPR transition is at least 18 months unless a final act justifies a different period.

18 August 2027 — battery due-diligence rules apply

Battery supply-chain due-diligence obligations were moved to 18 August 2027 by Regulation (EU) 2025/1561. This is separate from the battery-passport start date, but the underlying sourcing evidence and governance can feed information maintained for regulated batteries. Businesses should not confuse the two obligations.

2028 (planned) — furniture rules and an ESPR plan review

The working plan targets 2028 for adoption of furniture requirements. The Commission also plans a mid-term review of the 2025–2030 ESPR working plan in 2028, so priorities and indicative timings may be updated. Furniture businesses should prepare data now but wait for the final delegated act before treating a field list or compliance date as settled.

23 September 2029 — detergent and surfactant rules apply

Regulation (EU) 2026/405 applies from 23 September 2029 and requires a Digital Product Passport before detergents and end-user surfactants covered by the Regulation are placed on the market. The passport is model-level, must be registered and must remain available for ten years. The Commission will specify the basic technical requirements in an implementing act, so manufacturers should monitor that act as well as the Regulation.

2029 (planned) — mattresses and electronics circularity rules

The Commission’s indicative ESPR timetable targets 2029 for mattress requirements and for horizontal rules on recycled content and recyclability of electrical and electronic equipment. The final measures will determine whether and how DPP data is required and when affected products must comply.

1 August 2030 — toy Digital Product Passports apply

Regulation (EU) 2025/2509 applies from 1 August 2030 and introduces a Digital Product Passport for toys. Manufacturers must create a model-level passport, make it accessible through a data carrier and keep it available for ten years after the toy is placed on the market. The passport replaces the EU declaration of conformity required under the previous toy-safety regime.

There is still no single deadline for every product

Textiles, steel, aluminium, tyres, furniture and mattresses do not share the battery deadline. For those ESPR groups, the legally decisive date will come from each final delegated act after its scope and transition period are settled. Construction products follow their own delegated-act sequence; detergents and toys follow separate regulations.

What businesses should do now

Classify products by the legal instrument that will govern them; identify the manufacturer, importer and other responsible operators; map existing identifiers and product, material, safety, repair, environmental and supply-chain data; assign an owner and evidence source to each field; design role-based access; choose persistent data carriers and URLs; and monitor the final acts instead of building around unofficial field lists. Record every regulatory assumption with its source and review date.